RESUMO
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Increased life expectancy has resulted in growing numbers of elderly patients undergoing heart surgery. This study aimed to identify changes in functional status among older adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective observational cohort study conducted at a level IV private hospital in Brazil. METHODS: Patients were assessed using the Katz and Lawton scales and the Functional Independence Measure before admission, at hospital discharge and one month after discharge. Repeated-measurement analysis of variance was used. RESULTS: Two patients died during hospitalization. Among the 31 patients included, the Functional Independence Measure ranged from 121.7 ± 7.4 (pre-admission) to 91.1 ± 20.5 (discharge) and 109.0 ± 21.7 (one month after discharge); the Katz scale from 5.92 ± 0.32 to 4.18 ± 1.04 and 5.13 ± 1.30; and the Lawton scale from 24.3 ± 4.6 to 12.8 ± 2.0 and 16.5 ± 4.6 (P = 0.0001). When subgroups with (18) and without (13) complications were compared, the Functional Independence Measure (P = 0.085) showed a trend, although not significantly, toward recovery one month after discharge. Delirium and blood transfusion were the intercurrent events found. There was a correlation between the scales and age (P = 0.008), APACHE II (P = 0.051), EuroSCORE (P = 0.064), intensive care unit stay (P = 0.024) and overall hospital length of stay (P = 0.040). CONCLUSION: The Functional Independence Measure proved to be a promising tool for monitoring the functional status of elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, especially in the subgroup with complications.
Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/reabilitação , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Increased life expectancy has resulted in growing numbers of elderly patients undergoing heart surgery. This study aimed to identify changes in functional status among older adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective observational cohort study conducted at a level IV private hospital in Brazil. METHODS: Patients were assessed using the Katz and Lawton scales and the Functional Independence Measure before admission, at hospital discharge and one month after discharge. Repeated-measurement analysis of variance was used. RESULTS: Two patients died during hospitalization. Among the 31 patients included, the Functional Independence Measure ranged from 121.7 ± 7.4 (pre-admission) to 91.1 ± 20.5 (discharge) and 109.0 ± 21.7 (one month after discharge); the Katz scale from 5.92 ± 0.32 to 4.18 ± 1.04 and 5.13 ± 1.30; and the Lawton scale from 24.3 ± 4.6 to 12.8 ± 2.0 and 16.5 ± 4.6 (P = 0.0001). When subgroups with (18) and without (13) complications were compared, the Functional Independence Measure (P = 0.085) showed a trend, although not significantly, toward recovery one month after discharge. Delirium and blood transfusion were the intercurrent events found. There was a correlation between the scales and age (P = 0.008), APACHE II (P = 0.051), EuroSCORE (P = 0.064), intensive care unit stay (P = 0.024) and overall hospital length of stay (P = 0.040). CONCLUSION: The Functional Independence Measure proved to be a promising tool for monitoring the functional status of elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, especially in the subgroup with complications.
CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Com o aumento da expectativa de vida tem-se visto incremento nas cirurgias cardíacas em idosos. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar variações da capacidade funcional em idosos submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo de coorte, prospectivo e observacional realizado em um hospital privado nível IV, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Trinta e três pacientes foram avaliados pelas escalas de Katz e Lawton pela Medida de Independência Funcional na pré-internação, alta hospitalar e um mês pós-alta. Análise de variância para medidas repetidas foi utilizada. RESULTADOS: Dois óbitos ocorreram durante a hospitalização. Entre os 31 pacientes incluídos, a Medida de Independência Funcional variou de 121,7 ± 7,4 (pré-internação) a 91,1 ± 20,5 (alta) e 109,0 ± 21,7 (um mês pós-alta); Katz de 5,92 ± 0,32 a 4,18 ± 1,04 e 5,13 ± 1,30; e Lawton de 24,3 ± 4,6 a 12,8 ± 2,0 e 16,5 ± 4,6 (P = 0,0001). Quando comparados subgrupos com (18) e sem complicações (13), a Medida de Independência Funcional (P = 0,085) apresentou tendência, embora não significativa, de recuperação um mês pós-alta. Delirium e transfusão sanguínea foram intercorrências encontradas. Houve correlação entre as escalas com idade (P = 0,008), APACHE II (P = 0,051), EuroSCORE (P = 0,064), e tempos de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva (P = 0,024) e no hospital (P = 0,040). CONCLUSÃO: A medida de independência funcional mostrou-se promissora para o acompanhamento da funcionalidade de idosos após a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, destacando-se subgrupo com complicações.
